This political economy analysis explores how governance structures, institutional dynamics, and decision-making processes affect the generation and use of evidence for immunization in Bangladesh. Conducted by IIHMR and icddr,b under the Gavi-funded Zero-Dose Learning Hub, the study highlights how centralization, coordination challenges, and resource constraints impact efforts to identify and reach zero-dose, under-immunized children, and missed communities. The report offers actionable recommendations to improve data integration, support sub-national actors, and align financial and human resources with program needs as Bangladesh transitions to middle-income status.